什么是动词 什么是动词


什么是动词 什么是动词

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大家好,小问来为大家解答以上问题 。什么是动词,什么是动词这个很多人还不知道,现在让我们一起来看看吧!
1、英语动词
2、动词时态动词时态考查要点简述(1)一般现在时考点分析①表示客观事实或普通真理(不受时态限制)eg: The geography teacher told us the earth moves around the sun.Water boils at 100oC.②表示现状、性质、状态时多用系动词或状态动词;表示经常或习惯性的动作,多用动作动词,且常与表频率的时间状语连用 。eg: Ice feels cold.We always care for each other and help each other.③表示知觉、态度、感情、某种抽象的关系或概念的词常用一般现在时:see、hear、smell、taste、feel、notice、agree、believe、like、hate、want、think、belong seem等 。如:eg: I know what you mean.Smith owns a car and a house.All the students here belong to No.1 Middle School.④在时间、条件状语从句中常用一般现在时代替将来时 。但要注意由if 引导的条件状语从句中可以用shall或will表“意愿”,但不表示时态 。eg: If you will accept my invitation and come to our party, my family will be pleased.如果你愿意接受并参加我们的舞会,我的家人会非常高兴 。⑤少数用于表示起止的动词如come、go、leave、arrive、fly、return、start、begin、pen、close、end、stop等常用一般现在时代替将来时,表示一个按规定、计划或安排要发生的动作 。当be表示根据时间或事先安排,肯定会出现的状态,只用一般现在时 。eg: The shop closes at 11:00 p.m. every day.Tomorrow is Wednesday.
3、(2)一般过去时的考点分析(考核重点) 。①一般过去时的基本用法:表示过去的事情、动作或状态常与表示过去具体的时间状语连用(或有上下文语境暗示);用于表达过去的习惯;表示说话人原来没有料到、想到或希望的事通常用过去式 。如:eg: I met her in the street yesterday.I once saw the famous star here.They never drank wine.I thought the film would be interesting, but it isn’t.②如果从句中有一个过去的时间状语,尽管从句中的动作先于主句发生 , 但从句中的谓语动词连用过去式 。如:eg: He told me he read an interesting novel last night. ③表示两个紧接着发生的动作,常由以下词语连接,用一般过去时 。如:but, and, when, as soon as, immediately, the moment, the minute 。eg: The moment she came in, she told me what had happened to her.He bought a watch but lost it.④常用一般过去时的句型:eg: Why didn’t you / I think of that?I didn’t notice it.I forgot to tell you I had been there with my brother before.I didn’t recognize him.
4、(3)一般将来时考点分析 。①表示未来的动作或状态常用will / shall + 动词(常与表示将来的时间状语边用如tomorrow、next week等) 。②表示一种趋向或习惯动作 。eg: We’ll die without air or water.③表示趋向行为的动词如come、go、start、begin、leave等词常用进行时的形式表示将来时 。④be going to与will / shall, be to do, be about to do用法及区别:be going to 表示现在打算在最近或将来要做某事 , 这种打算往往经过事先考虑,甚至已做了某种准备;shall / will do表示未事先考虑过,即说话时临时作出的决定 。be going to 表将来,不能用在条件状语从句的主句中;而will则能 , 表意愿 。如:eg: If it is fine, we’ll go fishing.(正确)If it is fine, we are going to go fishing.(错误)be to do sth.表按计划、安排即将发生的动作,还可表示吩咐、命令、禁止,可能性等 。eg: A meeting is to be held at 3:00 o’clock this afternoon.be about to do sth.表示“即可,就要”,后面不能接时间状语或状语从句 。eg: Autumn harvest is about to start.
5、(4)现在进行时考点分析 。①表示说话时正在发生着的一个动作;表示现阶段但不一定是发生在讲话时;表近期特定的安排或计划;go; come等起止动作可用进行时代替将来时 。如:eg: It is raining now.He is teaching English and learning Chinese.I am meeting Mr. Wang tonight.We are leaving on Friday.At six I am bathing the baby. (I start bathing the baby before six.)The girl is always talking loud in public.(与always、often等频度副词连用,表经常反复的行动或某种感情色彩)②下面四类动词不宜用现在进行时 。(A)表示心理状态、情感的动作:like, love, hate, care, remember, believe, want, mind, wish, agree, mean, need 。(B)表存在的状态的动词:appear, exist, lie, remain, seem belong to, depend on 。(C)表示一时性动作的动词:allow, accept, permit, promise, admit, complete 。(D)表示感官的动词:see, hear, notice, feel, smell, sound, taste, look 。
6、(5)现在完成时考点分析 。①现在完成时除可以和for、since引导的状语连用外,还可以和下面的介词短语连用:during / in /over the last(past)few years (months, weeks)、in recent years等 。②下列句型中常用现在完成时It is (has been) + 一段时间 + since从句This(That / It)is the first(second…)time that + 完成时This(That / It)is the only … + that + 完成时This(that / It)is the best / finest / most interesting … + that 从句 + 完成时③在时间或条件状语从句中,现在完成时可以代替一般将来时 。如:eg: I shall post the letter as soon as I have written it.If you have done the experiment, you will realize the theory better.Don’t get off the bus until it has stopped.
7、(6)过去完成时考点分析(考核重点) 。①常用过去完成时的几种情况:(A)在by、by the end、by the time、until、before、since后接表示过去某一时间的短语或从句以前发生的动作 。如:By the end of last year, we had produced 20,000 cars. The train had left before we reached the station. (B)表示曾实现的希望、打算、意图、诺言等 。常用had hoped / planned / meant / intended/though / wanted / expected等或用上述动词过去式接不定式完成式表示即:hoped / planned … + to have done 。(C)“时间名词 + before”在句子中作状语,谓语动词用过去完成时;“时间名词 + ago”在句中作状语,谓语动词用一般过去式 。如:He said his first teacher had died at least 10 years before. Xiao Hua left school 3 years ago.(D)表示“一……就”的几个句型:Hardly / No sooner / Scarcely had + 主语 + 过去分词 + when / than / before + 一般过去时 。如:We had no sooner been seated than the bus started. = No sooner had we been seated than the bus started.②在before或after引导的时间状语从句中用一般过去时态代替过去完成时 。eg: After he (had)left the room, the boss came in.We arrived home before it snowed.
8、(7)过去将来时考点分析 。参照一般将来时对比:用would do、was / were going to do sth.表过去将来;come、go、leave等过去进行时表过去将来时;was / were to do sth.和was / were about to do sth.表过去将来 。
9、(8)过去进行时考点分析 。①过去某一时刻正在进行的动作或某一阶段内发生或频繁发生 。②某一动作发生时另一动作正在发生,其中一个在由when或while引导的时间状语从句中 。
10、(9)注意几组时态的区别:①一般过去时与现在完成时:时间上有差异:凡有过去时间的均用过去时态,不能用完成时态,如含有ago、last year、just now、the other day等 。结果上有差异:现在完成时强调的是对“现在”的影响和结果,动作到现在刚完成或还在继续;一般过去时强调的是动作发生在“过去”,和现在毫无关系 。②过去完成时与一般过去时:过去完成时强调的是“过去的过去”;如出现同一主语连续几个动作(“连谓”)形式则只用一般过去时即可 。
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