Whatwerethemostpowerfulcountriesthroughouthistory?历史上最强大的国家是哪个?quora网贴翻译YvanTestu,reads\\\”ForeignAffairs\\\”magazine读
What were the most powerful countries throughout history?
历史上最强大的国家是哪个?
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quora网贴翻译
Yvan Testu, reads "Foreign Affairs" magazine 读《外交事务》杂志To speak of a Country throughout History is an anachronism since only Empires existed throughout History
在“历史上的国家”说法是不合时宜的，因为历史上只有帝国存在 。
The concept of country ( Nation state ) started to be implemented during the second half of the XIX century with a high production of countries with the dissolution of the German, Austro Hungarian and Ottoman empires
国家(民族国家)的概念在19世纪后半期才开始产生，在德国、南奥匈帝国和奥斯曼帝国的瓦解下，国家的大量产生 。
An another round after WW II created nations in Africa and in Indochina with the dissolution of the french and the british empires and finally in Central Asia with the dissolution of USSR.
二战后的另一轮，法国和大英帝国解体后，在非洲和印度支那建立了许多国家，最后是苏联解体后中亚诞生了很多国家 。
So empires can be ranked by their overreach List of largest empires or by the infrastructure they left
帝国可以用最大帝国的继承人名单，或者他们离开的基础设施来归类
My favorite is extremely overlooked
我的最爱被忽视了
The (First) Persian Empire
波斯第一帝国
The Achaemenid Persian Empire was founded by Cyrus the Great around 550 B.C.E., who went by the title of King of Kings (Shahanshah). Although the Persian Empire came to an inglorious end at the hands of Alexander the Great in 330 B.C.E., it had a lasting legacy on the subsequent development of world civilizations and future empires. Indeed, the Persian Empire was a pivotal empire because it was the first true empire that set the standard of what it meant to be an empire for future ones.
阿契曼尼波斯帝国是由塞勒斯大帝于公元前550年左右建立的 。他的名号是“王中之王”(Shahanshah) 。尽管波斯帝国在公元前330年的亚历山大大帝的统治下出现了一个不太好的结局 。它对后来的世界文明和未来帝国的发展有着持久的影响 。事实上，波斯帝国是一个关键的帝国因为它是第一个真正的帝国它为未来的帝国设定了一个帝国的标准 。
The Persian Empire existed at a unique time in history, when most of the oikumene, or civilized, settled, populated world was concentrated in or near the Middle East. As a result, the Persian Empire, which dominated most of the Middle East, ruled over a greater percentage of the world’s population than any other empire in history. Indeed, in 480 B.C.E., the empire had a population of approximately 49.4 million people, which was 44 percent of the global population at that time. The Persian Empire was the first empire to connect multiple world regions, including the Middle East, North Africa, Central Asia, India, Europe, and the Mediterranean world. It jumpstarted the concept of empires in places like Greece and India.
波斯帝国存在于历史上一个独特的时期，当时的大多数国家，或文明的，定居的，人口密集的世界都集中在中东或中东附近 。因此，统治中东大部分地区的波斯帝国统治着世界人口的比例超过了历史上任何一个帝国 。事实上,公元前480年帝国拥有大约4940万人口，占当时全球人口的44% 。波斯帝国是第一个连接多个世界区域的帝国，包括中东、北非、中亚、印度、欧洲和地中海世界 。它在希腊和印度等地开启了帝国的概念 。
Such a large empire could only have been put together by military might, and the Persian Empire’s military achievements were significant, though they are often forgotten by its sudden demise at the hands of Alexander’s armies. Various Persian campaigns succeeded at subjugating most of the world’s advanced civilizations at the time including the Babylonians, Lydians, Egyptians, and the northwestern Hindu region of Gandhara, in today’s Pakistan. It should not be forgotten that, notwithstanding exaggeration and misinterpretation, the Persians believed that they achieved their goals in Greece and that more Greeks lived in the empire than not. The Persian Empire ushered in a period of harmony and peace in the Middle East for two hundred years, a feat that has seldom been replicated.
【从古至今世界上最强大的国家 世界历史上强大的国家】这样一个庞大的帝国只能由军事力量联合起来，波斯帝国的军事成就也很重要，尽管他们常常因为被亚历山大军队的突然灭亡而被遗忘 。许多波斯战役成功地征服了当时世界上最先进的文明包括巴比伦人，吕底亚人，埃及人，以及印度西北部的犍陀罗地区，在今天的巴基斯坦 。不可忘记的是，尽管有些夸张和误解，波斯人相信他们在希腊实现了他们的目标，而的希腊人生活在帝国中 。波斯帝国在中东迎来了长达200年的和谐与和平时期，这一壮举很少被复制 。
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