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Part|2021年12月大学英语四级考试真题（第1套）( 三 )

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Given how unsettling and haunting nightmares can be, is there a way for dreamers to 27 , or even turn off, these bad dreams as they happen?
Research is 28 , but some studies suggest that people who can master lucid dreaming—that is, the ability to be 29 that a nightmare is happening and possibly even control it without waking up—may hold the 30 .
Nightmares are part of the human experience, especially for kids. Doctors 31 don’t consider occasional nightmares a problem. They can just be symptoms of a sleep disorder that can 32 from an unpleasant experience, stress, or certain drugs.
To treat the disorder,there are a number of medicines and therapies that are backed by 33
research, according to the American Academy of Sleep Medicine, which analyzed the available research on the treatment of nightmare disorder in a recent 34 published in the Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine.
However, nightmares are complicated, and researchers are still struggling to understand them,Said Dr. Rachel Salas, an expert on sleep disorders and an associate professor at Johns Hopkins Medicine in Baltimore. What we do know is that people 35 to have different kinds of nightmares at different points during the sleep cycle.
A) amount
B) answer
C) avoid
D) aware
E) depart
F) drastically
G) fear
H) limited
l) mechanical
J ) result
K) review
L) rigorous
M) tend
N) timidity
O) typically
Section B
Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.
Why it matters that teens are reading less
[A] Most of us spend much more with digital media than we did a decade ago. But today’s teens have grown up with smartphones. Compared with teens a couple of decades ago, the way they interact with traditional media like books and movies is fundamentally different.
[B] Analysis of surveys of over one million teens in the United States collected since 1976 reveals a major shift in how teens are spending their leisure time. Paper books are being ignored, in favor of screens. Digital devices are changing other behaviors, too. More and more, young people choose spending time on their electronic devices over engaging in other activities, regardless of the type. Indeed, by 2016, the average American high school senior said they spent six hours a day writing text messages, on social media, and online during their free time. And that covers just three activities, and if other digital media activities were included, that estimate would no doubt rise.
[C] Teens did not always spend that much time with digital media. Online time has doubled since 2006, and social media use has moved from a periodic activity to a daily one in the same period. By 2016,nearly nine out of ten young women in the 12th grade said they visited social media sites every day. Meanwhile, time spent playing video games rose from under an hour a day to an hour and a half on average, One out of ten American 8th grace students in 2016 spent 40 hours a week or more playing video games. Let me emphasize that this is equal to the time most adults spend per week at work.
[D] If teens are spending so much time using electronic devices, does that mean they have to give up some other activities? Maybe not.Over the years ， many scholars have insisted that time online does not necessarily take away time spent engaging with traditional media or on other activities. Some people,they argue, are just more interested in certain kinds of media and entertainment. Thus,using more of one type of media does not necessarily mean less of the other.

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