|都说难的英语时态: 现在完成时(综合重难点剖析)


|都说难的英语时态: 现在完成时(综合重难点剖析)

现在完成时一、定义1.表示过去发生的某一动作一直持续到现在:过去到现在→持续性
2.表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果:过去对现在→影响/结果
二、结构1.主语+have/has+动词过去分词+其他①非三单主语(不是第三人称单数主语)+have+动词过去分词+其他
②三单主语(第三人称单数主语)+has+动词过去分词+其他
注意:三单主语:他她它(he/she/it)、可数名词单数、不可数名词、复合不定代词
(something/nothing/everything/someone/somebody/nobody...)...
2.动词过去分词①行为动词过去分词规则变化
【|都说难的英语时态: 现在完成时(综合重难点剖析)】一般情况下直接加ed , 如:play→played
以不发音的e结尾→加d , 如:like→liked
以辅音字母加y结尾 , 去y为i再加ed , 如:study→studied
以重读闭音节(辅元辅)结尾 , 双写末字母再加ed , 如:plan→planned
②行为动词过去分词不规则变化
详情可参照发过的文章→动词何以不规则?
三、时态标志词already just yet so far ever never these daysrecently since+时间点 for+一段时间 up to now in the past years...
四、句型转换1.肯定句①非三单主语(不是第三人称单数主语)+have+动词过去分词+其他
I have already finished my homework.
②三单主语(第三人称单数主语)+has+动词过去分词+其他
He has already finished his homework.
2.否定句①非三单主语(不是第三人称单数主语)+have+not+动词过去分词+其他
I have not finished my homework yet.
②三单主语(第三人称单数主语)+has+not+动词过去分词+其他
He has not finished his homework yet.
3.一般疑问句①Have+非三单主语(不是第三人称单数主语)+动词过去分词+其他?
肯定回答:Yes , 主语+have.
否定回答:No , 主语+haven't.
--Have you finished your homework?
--Yes , I have.
--No , I haven't
②Has+三单主语(第三人称单数主语)+动词过去分词+其他?
肯定回答:Yes , 主语+has.
否定回答:No , 主语+hasn't.
--Has he finished his homework?
--Yes , he has.
--No , he hasn't.
4.特殊疑问句①特殊疑问词+have+非三单主语(不是第三人称单数主语)+动词过去分词+其他?
How long have you been in Guangzhou?
②特殊疑问词+has+三单主语(第三人称单数主语)+动词过去分词+其他?
How long has he been in Guangzhou?
五、重难点用法1.since与for(1)since用法
①since+时间点
I have been in Guangzhou since 2011/ten years ago.
②since+从句:主句用现在完成时 , 从句用一般过去时
I have been in Guangzhou since I was ten years old.
③It is +一段时间+since从句
It is ten years since I came to Guangzhou.
(2)for用法
①for+一段时间 , 用how long提问
I have been in Guangzhou for ten years.
How long have you been in Guangzhou?
2.already与yet:表示已经/还①already一般常用于肯定句
②yet一般常用于否定句或疑问句
3.have been to/have gone to/have been in①have been to人去已回
He has been to Guangzhou three times.
②have gone to人去未回
He has gone to Guangzhou and he will come back in two days.
③have been in待在某地
He has been in Guangzhou for ten years.
④注意:遇到地点副词home/there/here , 省略介词

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