如何区别ability与capability
Ability与capability两个词都有能力的含义,非常类似很难辨别,差别很微妙 。
如果某人有很多工作要做,而最后期限即将到来,他可能会熬夜 。做这项工作涉及能力,到底用哪一个呢?学完这篇短文你就有答案了 。
什么时候用Ability
ability是个名词, 指有方法或技能做某件事 。
具有优越运动能力(athletic abilities)的人非常擅长运动或其他体育运动 。有能力的作家( a writer of great ability)被认为是优秀的作家 。在这两种情况下,ability都被用来指人定性素质 。例如:
- My ability to mow the lawn is dependent on my access to my neighbor’s lawn mower.
- Research shows that, on average, men are likely to have stronger spatial reasoning abilities than women, although psychologists disagree on the cause and degree of this difference.
- She has the ability to grasp concepts very fast.
- Her ability to read 50 words per minute fetched her many awards in school.
- He has the ability to persuade everyone to make things work his way.
- My friend has the ability to concoct stories and hide stuff from everyone.
什么时候用Capability
Capability 也是个名词,也是指做某事的能力或潜力(potential),它具有量化的指标 。可以这样记忆,因为capability由字母p(potential),可以帮你联想记忆它的这个含义 。
Capability通常指的是一种可能的情况:一个小的政权可能拥有核能力(nuclear capabilities) 。它可以发射核导弹,也可以不发射 。战斗机也可能具有隐身能力(stealth capability) 。它要么有这种能力,要么没有,因而是一种量化指标 。
例如:
- Our long-range missile network gives us first strike capability around the world.
- People who are telekinetic have the capability to kill you with their minds.
- He has the capability to win the cup, but he is not trying enough.
- You have the capability to complete this whole round in less than 2 minutes; you just have to push yourself a little more.
- The questions were beyond the capability of most five-year-old kids.
- If you change your thinking, you have the capability to change this world.
- Never underestimate the capabilities of a woman.
- Computer researchers reported artificial-intelligence advances on Thursday that surpassed human capabilities for a set of vision-related tasks.
总结二者的区别:
这两个词都指有能力做某事 。
一般来说,ability可以连续变化;例如,一个人的罚球能力可能比另一个人强 。
capacity通常是一个非此即彼的命题;一个国家可以发射核武器,也可以不发射,这是这个国家的能力,可以不用,这就是潜在的能力 。
回到开始的问题,一个人靠熬夜赶任务,这是一个capability的问题,因为它可以量化,这个人可以有ability做这项工作,但能力的大小不同,说明他的capability比别人低,效率有待提高 。所以说ability是定性描述,capability是定量描述 。
Ability通常代表技能,有程度的高低,比如你学习语言的能力比我强 。而Capability往往是与某种场景相关,要么具备要么不具备这个能力 。比如我的车可以开到260公里/小时,这是它的能力,但我从来不超速,严格按照交规行车 。这个能力不存在程度,要么具备,要么不具备,这是由发动机性能决定的 。
还有一个类似的词capacity, 通常指某物内在的潜力 。例如,
Humans are born with the capacity to understand and use social language.
推荐阅读
- 西苑医院怎么样(北京最著名的中医大夫)
- 在金科地产上班怎么样(金科地产人力资源岗工资待遇)
- 钱要怎么赚(急着用钱怎么来钱最快)
- 顺丰快递怎么查寄件人(天眼查怎么通过手机号查快递)
- 丽星邮轮怎么样(丽星邮轮有哪些航线)
- 虚线怎么打(wps虚线怎么打出来)
- au怎么用(au怎么录歌)
- 昂达显卡怎么样(昂达65显卡怎么样)
- 采怎么组词一年级 采字组词
- 成型水怎么做简单又方便 成型水怎么做